Linux 下配置nginx到php的连接

在中小企业中，LAMP架构被广泛用。而对于高并发请求的情形，其Web服务器通常以Nginx居多，因而LNMP组合架构也非常普遍。在LAMP架构中，Apache可以用三种方式与PHP连接通信，即以板块化的方式，CGI（已不再用）以及FastCGI。那对于Nginx而言，则可以用FastCGI方式，即反向代理商方式，将PHP代码有FastCGI转交给PHP解释器进行解决。本文形容配置Nginx到PHP的连接。

一、环境准备

安装Nginx：Linux 6 下安装编译安装Nginx

安装PHP : Linux 6 下编译安装 PHP 5.6

二、演示环境

###当前环境为CentOS 6.7，本演示配置适使用于CentOS 7下配置nginx连接PHP。
# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.8.1
# service nginx start
Starting nginx: [ OK ]
# ss -nltp|grep nginx
LISTEN 0 128 *:8001 *:* users:(("nginx",2168,6),("nginx",2171,6))
# service php-fpm start 
Starting php-fpm done
# ss -nltp|grep php
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:* users:(("php-fpm",2255,9),("php-fpm",2256,0),("php-fpm",2257,0))
# php -v
PHP 5.6.9 (cli) (built: Jul 17 2016 18:45:50) 
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies
 with XCache v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo
 with XCache Optimizer v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo
 with XCache Cacher v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo
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三、配置nginx

1、编辑/etc/nginx
/nginx.conf，启使用如下选项：
location ~ \.php$ {
 root html;
 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
 fastcgi_index index.php;
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
 include fastcgi_params;
 }
在所支持的主页面格式中增加php格式的主页，相似如下：
location / {
 root html;
 index index.php index.html index.htm;
 }
2、编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
# cp /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.bk
# cat /dev/null>/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
# vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
3、重新载入nginx的配置文件：
# nginx -t 
# service nginx reload 
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四、验证

1、在/etc/nginx/html新建index.php的测试页面，
测试php能否能正常工作：
# vi /etc/nginx/html/index.php 
<?php ### Author : Leshami
phpinfo(); ### Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
?>
2、通过浏览测试php页面
浏览器打开 http://192.168.1.245:8001
也可以用如下方式测试
# curl -I http://192.168.1.245:8001
HTTP/1.1 200 OK 
Server: nginx/1.8.1
Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2016 03:29:44 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.9
3、访问mysql数据库
#yum install php-mysql（安装php的mysql驱动）
vim /etc/nginx/html/connmysql.php
<?php
 $conn = mysql_connect('192.168.1.242','robin','xxx');
 if ($conn)
 echo "succ";
 else
 echo "failute";
 mysql_close();
?>
# curl http://192.168.1.245:8001/connmysql.php
succ
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五、Nginx与PHP分离的情形

Nginx Web服务器与PHP应使用
服务器可能位于不同的服务器，则做如下调整：
 Nginx配置通过fastcgi反向代理商时应指定PHP服务器监听的IP地址及端口号。
 PHP服务器监听器监听地址应修改为对外提供服务的IP地址及端口号。
 可用NFS将PHP应使用服务器目录挂载的本地，配置为Nginx location 路径。
如下示例：
 Nginx服务器：192.168.1.245:8001
 PHP 服务器：192.168.1.242
Nginx服务器nginx.conf配置
 location / {
 # root html;
 root /data;
 index index.php index.html index.htm;
 location ~ \.php$ {
 # root html;
 root /data;
 fastcgi_pass 192.168.1.242:9000;
 fastcgi_index index.php;
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
 include fastcgi_params;
 }
PHP服务器php-fpm.conf配置
 # grep listen /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf|grep -v ";"
 listen = 192.168.1.242:9000 
 # mkdir -pv /data ###存放php代码
 # echo "/data 192.168.1.0/24(rw)" >/etc/exports
 # /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
 # /etc/init.d/nfslock start
 # /etc/init.d/nfs start
Nginx服务器mount NFS
 # mount -t nfs 192.168.1.242:/data /data 
验证略